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目的了解金华市金东区农村小学生生长发育状况与饮食行为偏好,以指导营养干预。方法采用整群抽样法选取2所农村小学,对1~3年级小学生测量身高等6个指标,并开展饮食习惯与过去7天饮食情况问卷调查。结果 649名小学生身高低于全国水平,超重占8.47%,肥胖占6.32%。自认为有偏食的学生占67.43%,“最不爱吃的食物”依次是鸡鸭鱼肉类(22.37%)、蔬菜类(21.05%)、零食类(17.76%)、谷类(16.78%)和奶类(10.03%)。“每天都吃”与“差不多每天吃”零食的学生占37.66%。调查7天前饮食,50%以上学生曾吃过甜点、油炸食物和碳酸饮料,80.59%没有每天一杯奶,66.61%没有每天吃水果,43.75%没有每天吃蔬菜,21.72%没有每天吃早餐;42.28%曾吃过路边摊。结论金东区农村1~3年级小学生体型偏矮,学生饮食结构不合理,需加强家庭与社会的学生营养支持和教育。
Objective To understand the growth and dietary preferences of rural pupils in Jindong District of Jinhua City to guide nutrition intervention. Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select two rural primary schools, measure the height of 6 pupils in grade 1 to grade 3, and conducted a questionnaire survey on eating habits and diet in the past 7 days. Results 649 primary school children below the national standard of height, overweight accounted for 8.47%, obesity accounted for 6.32%. 67.43% of the students think partial food, and “most unhealthy food” followed by poultry meat (22.37%), vegetables (21.05%), snacks (17.76%), cereals (16.78%), And milk (10.03%). “Eat every day ” And “Eat almost every day ” Snacks accounted for 37.66% of students. Surveyed 7 days before diet, 50% of students had eaten desserts, fried foods and carbonated drinks, 80.59% did not have a cup of milk a day, 66.61% did not eat fruits every day, 43.75% did not eat vegetables every day and 21.72% did not eat breakfast every day; 42.28% Had eaten street vendors. Conclusions Primary schoolchildren in rural areas of grade 1 ~ 3 in Jindong District are short in size and irrational in their diet structure. Nutritional support and education for students in families and communities is required to be strengthened.