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目的了解大连市部分市售食品中化学污染物及有害因素的污染状况。方法选择当地居民主要购买点随机采集各类食品,开展重金属元素、农药残留、生物毒素、食品添加剂、违法添加的非食用物质及禁用药物的监测。结果干食用菌镉超标率为20.0%,新鲜蔬菜铅超标率为11.4%,海蟹镉超标率为2.9%,海蟹铅超标率为5.7%。熟肉制品亚硝酸盐超标率为5.0%,山梨酸和苯甲酸超标率均为10.0%,酸菜中焦亚硫酸钠超标率20.0%。食用油中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)超标率为10.8%,白酒中DBP和邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)的超标率分别为80.0%和10.0%。花椒粉中罗丹明B检出率3.0%,牛肉中盐酸克伦特罗检出率1.5%,鸡腿肉中硝基呋喃代谢物检出率2.3%。结论大连市市售食品总体风险较低,但部分食品仍存在较高风险,应加强问题食品的监管监测,提高全市食品安全。
Objective To understand the pollution status of chemical pollutants and harmful factors in some commercially available foods in Dalian. Methods Choose the main purchasing points of local residents to randomly collect all kinds of food and carry out the monitoring of heavy metal elements, pesticide residues, biological toxins, food additives, illegal addition of non-food substances and banned drugs. Results The cadmium content in dried edible mushrooms was 20.0%, that in fresh vegetables was 11.4%, that in sea crabs was 2.9%, and that in sea crabs was 5.7%. Cooked meat nitrite exceeded 5.0%, sorbic acid and benzoic acid exceeded the rate of 10.0%, sauerkraut sodium metabisulfite exceeded the standard rate of 20.0%. The over-standard rate of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) in edible oil was 10.8%. The over-standard rates of DBP and DEHP in liquor were 80.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The detection rate of rhodamine B in pepper powder was 3.0%, the detection rate of clenbuterol in beef was 1.5%, and the detection rate of nitrofuran metabolites in chicken meat was 2.3%. Conclusion The overall risk of commercial food in Dalian is low, but some foods still have high risks. Therefore, the supervision and monitoring of the problematic foods should be strengthened to improve the food safety in the whole city.