一、基本结构的模式现代语言学的创始人索绪尔在对语言和语言本质进行系统的研究过程中,提出了一组组的对立,如共时与历时、语言系统和言语、静态和动态、能指和所指、组合关系和聚合关系、符号和符号系统等等。受索绪尔研究语言的方法的影响,有些人在分析文学语篇基本结构时,也试图用这种双分法找出文学语篇中一组组的对立,如情节和话语,叙述者和受述 First, the basic structure of the model of modern linguistics founder Saussure in the language and language nature of the systematic research process, put forward a set of group opposition, such as synchronic and diachronic, language systems and speech, static and dynamic , Signifier and signification, combination and aggregation, sign and sign system, and more. Influenced by Saussure’s method of studying language, some people try to find out the contradiction between a group of literary texts, such as plot and discourse, narrator and Said