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水管理决策影响城市的可持续发展。基于这些决策所开展的行动可缓解、甚至预防某些与水有关的风险。同样,这些决策也可能加大已存在的危险或产生新的危险。决策机构解决水问题的能力、对应优先解决水问题的理解,都会影响水管理决策。自墨西哥城建立以来,居民就一直面临供水不足、水质低下、卫生设施缺乏、洪涝频发等问题。为改善该市水管理现状,借鉴以往成功经验和失败教训,分析了几个世纪以来水管理政策的变化情况,并阐述了其对城市居民和环境的影响。以墨西哥城水管理决策和措施的演变为例,论述了这些水管理决策的可持续性,并指出了未来水政策的关键方向。
Water management decisions affect the sustainable development of cities. Actions based on these decisions can mitigate and even prevent certain water-related risks. Equally, these decisions may also add to existing or emerging risks. The ability of decision-making bodies to solve water problems and their corresponding understanding of water issues will all affect water management decisions. Since the establishment of Mexico City, residents have been facing problems of inadequate water supply, low water quality, lack of sanitation facilities and frequent floods. In order to improve the status quo of water management in the city and draw lessons from the successful experiences and failures in the past, this paper analyzes the changes of water management policies for centuries and expounds its impact on urban residents and the environment. Taking the evolution of Mexico City water management decisions and measures as an example, the sustainability of these water management decisions is discussed and the key directions for future water policies are pointed out.