五四运动是一场反对封建主义的新文化运动,也是一场追求自由、民主、人权和科学的思想解放运动。正像海涅所说的那样:“思想走在行动之前,就像闪电走在雷鸣之前。”五四运动为中国现代社会的变革,奠定了思想文化基础。在我们纪念五四运动80周年的时候,反思这一段在中国近代史上起过划时代作用的历史,从中吸取有益的经验教训,具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。传统观点认为,五四精神的实质是民主与科学即所谓的“德先生”(Democracy)和“赛先生”(Science)。民主与科学成了当时先进的知识分子批判封建制度和封建文化思想的锐利武器。陈独秀认为,“近代欧洲人之所以优越于他族,得功于科学与人权学说之兴,科学 The May 4th Movement was a new cultural movement against feudalism and an ideological liberation movement that pursued freedom, democracy, human rights and science. Just as Heine said: ”The thought goes before it acts, just as the lightning goes before the thunder.“ The May 4th Movement laid the ideological and cultural foundation for the transformation of China’s modern society. As we commemorate the 80th anniversary of the May 4th Movement, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to reflect on the history of this passage in the modern history of China and to draw useful lessons from it. According to the traditional view, the essence of the May Fourth Movement was democracy and science, the so-called ”Democracy“ and ”Science.“ Democracy and science became the sharp weapon of the advanced intellectuals at the time to criticize the feudal system and the feudal cultural thought. Chen Duxiu believes that ”the reason why modern Europeans are superior to other ethnic groups depends on the theory of science and human rights, that of science