论文部分内容阅读
高畦地膜下滴灌栽培是把高畦(筑成高出地面15—20厘米的种植畦)、地膜(在畦面覆盖地膜)、滴灌(在地膜下设置滴灌软管)结合起来的一种栽培技术,是北京市保护地生产中一项重点推广技术,目前,北京市已推广了3000多亩。一、滴灌栽培的应用效果多年的生产实践表明,应用滴灌效果很明显:1.降低棚内空气湿度。据调查滴灌比沟灌可降低黄瓜大棚内的相对湿度10%以上。2.降低植株发病率,延缓病害发生和蔓延时间。如春大棚黄瓜,用沟灌4月20日发现霜霉病株,5月7日病株达100%,而用滴灌到5月10日发病株仅占40%。秋黄瓜大棚内9月中下旬,沟灌的病株已达100%,而滴灌的仅12—15%。3.增温。由于只在地膜下进行滴灌,使棚内湿度降低,增温快。5月份滴灌棚比沟灌棚,5厘米地温平均增高1.1℃,气温平均增高2.3℃。4.增产。凡能正确使用滴灌技术的均有增产效果,增产幅度黄瓜为17%,西红柿为21%,秋西红柿17.1%。5.增收。增
High-mulched drip irrigation cultivation is the cultivation of high mullet (built into the ground 15-20 cm above the planting 畦), mulching (mulching film), drip irrigation (drip irrigation hose set under the mulch) It is a key promotion technology in the production of protected areas in Beijing. At present, Beijing has promoted more than 3,000 mu. First, the application of drip irrigation cultivation Years of production practice shows that the application of drip irrigation effect is obvious: 1. To reduce the humidity inside the shed air. According to the survey, drip irrigation can reduce the relative humidity within the cucumber greenhouse more than 10%. 2. Reduce the incidence of plants, delay the occurrence and spread of disease. Such as spring greenhouse cucumbers, with furrow irrigation on April 20 found downy mildew strains, May 7 disease reached 100%, and drip irrigation to May 10 only 40% of the strains. Autumn cucumber greenhouse in late September, ditch disease has reached 100%, while drip irrigation only 12-15%. 3. warming. As only drip irrigation under the mulch, so that shed humidity decreased, warming faster. May drip irrigation shed than ditch, 5 centimeters average temperature increased 1.1 ℃, the average temperature increased 2.3 ℃. 4. Increase production. Where proper use of drip irrigation techniques have the effect of increasing yield, cucumber yield by 17%, 21% of tomatoes, autumn tomatoes 17.1%. 5. Income. increase