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本研究对58例有粉尘接触史工人及7名志愿者进行了纤维支气管镜检查及支气管肺泡瘤洗,其中22例进行了超细纤维支气管镜检查。普通纤维支气管镜部分病例可见支气管粘膜充血肿胀,有的可见支气管粘膜苍白、无光泽等改变。支气管分叉处常见色素沉着斑,以接触煤尘者为著。个别晚期尘肺病例可见支气管严重扭曲变形、管腔狭窄或不规则。22例超细纤维支气管镜检查见15例(68.2％)有色素沉着,其次为粘膜充血,多为弥漫性。5例见周围气道粘膜苍白。支气管肺泡灌洗液检查见接尘组细胞总数和细胞浓度最高。Fn测定在接尘组和尘肺观察对象组最高。TBLB可见远端组织典型尘肺样改变。
In this study, 58 cases of dust exposure history workers and seven volunteers were examined by bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage. Twenty-two of them were examined by ultrafine bronchoscopy. Some cases of ordinary bronchoscopy showed bronchial mucosal congestion and swelling, and some visible bronchial mucosa pale, dull and other changes. Bronchial bifurcation common pigmentation spots, in contact with the dust as. Individual cases of pneumoconiosis can be seen in severe bronchial distortion, stenosis or irregular lumen. In 22 cases of microfiber bronchoscopy, 15 cases (68.2%) had pigmentation, followed by mucosal hyperemia, mostly diffuse. 5 cases see the surrounding airway mucosa pale. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid examination see the total number of cells and the highest concentration of cells in the dust group. Fn determination in the dust exposure group and pneumoconiosis observation group the highest. TBLB shows typical pneumoconiosis changes in distal tissues.