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1961年4月12日,在人类航天史上,是具有开创性意义的一天。这一天,苏联东方1号载人飞船在哈萨克中部的拜科努尔发射场发射升空。飞船飞行108分钟后,于萨拉托夫州捷尔诺夫卡区斯梅洛夫村附近着陆,其间共飞行40868.6千米,最大飞行高度327千米。这是人类有史以来的第一次载人航天飞行。苏联航天员尤里·加加林——该飞船上的唯一乘员,从此便像发现新大陆的哥伦布一样,作为第一位飞上太空的人而永载史册。
April 12, 1961, in the history of human spaceflight, is a groundbreaking day. On this day, the Soviet Oriental 1 manned spacecraft was launched at the Baikonur launch site in central Kazakhstan. 108 minutes after the spacecraft was flown, it landed near the village of Smelov in the Ternovka district of Saratov region, with a total of 40,868.6 kilometers and a maximum flight height of 327 kilometers. This is the first manned space flight ever. Soviet astronaut Yuri Gagarin - the only crew member on board the spacecraft ever since discovered Columbus in the New World - will be the first to fly in space.