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对国内外高纬度地区的240份大豆种质资源的蛋白及16个氨基酸组分进行测定,通过遗传多样性、因子和聚类分析,进行了表型鉴定及基因型分类。结果表明,供试大豆种质蛋白及氨基酸组分变异较丰富,遗传多样性程度较高。根据因子分析,将筛选到的3个公因子进行聚类分析,可将供试种质资源分为7类。蛋白含量从高到低的顺序为类群Ⅶ>类群Ⅵ>类群Ⅴ>类群Ⅱ>类群Ⅰ>类群Ⅲ>类群Ⅳ。12个氨基酸组分的变化趋势与蛋白一致。类群Ⅶ和类群Ⅵ为高蛋白遗传群体,可作为高蛋白基因聚合育种的亲本材料。通过前期分析,筛选到24份高蛋氨酸资源,包括有公野04L-141、龙品03-311、Proto、和龙油太、猫眼豆、茶色豆、紫花2号、东农48等,可为高蛋氨酸种质创新提供材料基础。
The protein and 16 amino acids of 240 soybean germplasm resources in high latitudes at home and abroad were determined. Phenotypic identification and genotyping were carried out by genetic diversity, factor analysis and cluster analysis. The results showed that the genetic diversity of soybean germplasm protein and amino acid composition of the tested varieties was rich and varied. According to the factor analysis, the three common factors screened by cluster analysis can be divided into seven categories of germplasm resources. The order of protein content from high to low is Ⅶ> Ⅵ> Ⅴ> 类> Ⅱ> 群> Ⅰ> Ⅲ> Ⅳ. The trend of the 12 amino acid components is consistent with that of the protein. Group Ⅶ and group Ⅵ is a high-protein genetic group, which can be used as the parent material for high-protein gene breeding. According to preliminary analysis, 24 high-methionine resources were screened, including Gongye 04L-141, Longpin 03-311, Proto, and Longyou too, cat’s eye bean, dark brown bean, purple flower No. 2 and Dongnong 48, High methionine germplasm innovation provides the material basis.