目的:提高肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的诊疗水平。方法:报道1例,计算机检索国内20年文献21例。分析22例肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤的临床特征、影像及病理表现、治疗及预后。结果:22例中,男性9例,女性13例;左侧8例,右侧14例;体检偶然发现者9例,有症状者13例,其中,腰部胀痛不适6例,腰痛伴高血压1例,包块5例,包块伴黄疸1例;肿瘤均为单发,直径3.0～20.0cm,平均7.6cm;CT表现为边界清楚的等密度或稍低密度,增强扫描呈中等强化,部分可见中央星型斑痕;无出血、坏死征象;B超表现为均质、边界清楚的实性回声;术前误诊为肾癌18例,确诊4例;免疫组化染色Cytokeratin8阳性;光镜下肿瘤细胞胞浆呈嗜酸性,胞核呈光滑有规律的圆形,位于细胞中央,染色质分布均匀,无明显核仁,肿瘤无坏死,核分裂相罕见,电镜下可见细胞内富含线粒体,而其它细胞器和脂质则相对减少。行根治性肾切除15例,肾切除3例;随访1～112个月无肿瘤复发或转移。结论:肾嗜酸性细胞腺瘤是一种具有明显临床及病理特征的良性肿瘤。 Objective: To improve the diagnosis and treatment of renal eosinophilic adenoma. Methods: One case was reported and 21 cases were retrieved by computer in 20 years in China. Analysis of 22 cases of renal eosinophilic adenoma clinical features, imaging and pathology, treatment and prognosis. Results: Of the 22 cases, 9 were male and 13 were female; 8 on the left and 14 on the right; 9 were found by chance; 13 were symptomatic; 6 were lumbar pain and discomfort; 1 case, 5 cases of mass, 1 case of mass with jaundice. The tumors were all single, with a diameter of 3.0-20.0 cm with an average of 7.6 cm. CT showed a clear or slightly lower density border, Part of the visible central star-shaped scar; no signs of bleeding, necrosis; B ultrasound showed homogeneous, clear boundary echogenicity; preoperative misdiagnosed as renal cell carcinoma in 18 cases, diagnosed in 4 cases; immunohistochemical staining Cytokeratin8 positive; The cytoplasm of tumor cells showed eosinophilicity. The nuclei showed smooth and regular nuclei. The nuclei were located in the center of the cells. The chromatin was evenly distributed with no obvious nucleoli. The tumors were not necrotic. The mitotic phases were rare. The cells were rich in mitochondria under electron microscopy. Other organelles and lipids are relatively reduced. Radical nephrectomy in 15 cases, 3 cases of nephrectomy; follow-up of 1 to 112 months without tumor recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion: Renal eosinophilic adenoma is a benign tumor with obvious clinical and pathological features.