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法兰克福学派的马尔库塞认为,日渐发达的当代工业社会由于科技的发展而成为了一个“富裕社会”,但它同时又是一个“病态社会”(《单向度的人》)。人变成单向度的人自然是对人的本性的摧残。不只是马尔库塞,还有霍克海默和阿道尔诺,都曾对大众文化有所批判。当然,他们对大众文化——文化工业的论述,主要是对技术理性有所不满,进而忧虑文化工业的操纵性与标准化、一律化必然丧失大众的现实批判能力。
According to Marcuse of the Frankfurt School, the modern, increasingly developed industrial society has become an “affluent society” through the development of science and technology, but at the same time it is also a “pathological society” (one-way man). Man becomes a one-way man is naturally the destruction of human nature. Not only Marcuse, but also Horkheimer and Adorno, all criticized the popular culture. Of course, their discourse on popular culture - culture industry is mainly dissatisfied with technical rationality, and then worried about the controllability and standardization of cultural industries. Any unification will inevitably lose the public’s ability to criticize the real world.