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海洋生物是食品的重要组成部份,特别在食用海产品较多的沿海地区,有的甚至作为重要的补品食用。但有的海洋生物组织可能产生一些有毒物质,故屡见因误食引起中毒。其中鱼贝类引起的中毒已作过报道,本文试就食用其它的一些海洋生物引起的中毒作一讨论。 1.藻类 Baslow提到食用菲律宾等太平洋区域的蕨藻(Caulerpa)有时可引起中毒,其潜伏期一般为几小时至24小时,个别的于食后1～ 2分钟即出现口、唇麻木感。症状为口、唇和四肢末端麻痹、手指和足冷感、呼吸困难急促,最后失去体平衡。这种症状可维持几小时至数天。从总状蕨藻(Caulerpa racemosa)中分离得到毒物:Caulerpicin,经红外光谱检定,为一长链饱和羟基酰胺,结构式为: CH_3(CH_2)_(13)CH(CH_2OH)NHCO(CH_2)_nCH_3式中n为23、24或25,分子量621～649。从棒叶蕨藻(C.Sertularioides)和齿形蕨藻(C.Serrulata)中分离得到蕨藻素(Cauler-
Marine life is an important part of food, especially in the coastal areas where there is more seafood, and some even serve as important tonic. However, some marine organisms may produce some toxic substances, it is frequently caused by eating poisoning. Among them, poisoning caused by fish and shellfish has been reported. This paper attempts to discuss the poisoning caused by eating some other marine organisms. 1. Algae Baslow mentions that Caulerpa in the Pacific Ocean, such as the Philippines, can sometimes cause poisoning. Its incubation period is usually several hours to 24 hours. Individual mouth and numbness of lips appear for 1 to 2 minutes after eating. Symptoms are paralysis of the mouth, lips and extremities, cold sensations in the fingers and feet, shortness of breath, and loss of body balance. This symptom can last from hours to days. Caulerpicin was isolated from Caulerpa racemosa and was identified as a long-chain saturated hydroxyamide by infrared spectroscopy. The structure is: CH_3 (CH_2) _ (13) CH (CH_2OH) NHCO (CH_2) _nCH_3 In the n is 23,24 or 25, the molecular weight of 621 ~ 649. From the leaves of C. sertularioides and C. serrulata, Cauler-