传统上,经济学家建议那些发现石油、天然气和矿产资源的国家将它们的采掘业收入投资到海外,以确保未来拥有一个来自累积海外资产回报的持续收入。这种安排就成为现在所称的“主权财富基金”。但近些年,对资源丰富的发展中国家来说,通过国家预算将更多的资源收入投资在国内已成为 Economists have traditionally recommended that countries discovering oil, gas and mineral resources invest their extractive income offshore in order to secure a sustainable income in the future from accumulating returns on overseas assets. This arrangement has become what we now call “sovereign wealth funds.” However, in recent years, for resource-rich developing countries, investing more resources and resources in the country through the state budget has become