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试验选择具有10年棚龄的北方大棚,在不同施肥条件下,分别对土壤养分、盐分及番茄产量和品质等进行了研究,具体对因处理不同而引起的土壤养分与水溶性盐分含量、盐基离子组成的变化以及番茄的维生素C(Vc)含量和含糖量等进行了分析。结果表明,腐植酸含有多种物质,它的施用可以提高土壤有机质含量,并且能增加土壤速效态P、K的含量,降低土壤电导率。施用复混肥的土壤电导率增加3.7%,而施用腐植酸可以使土壤电导率降低10.4%。土壤盐基离子含量的增加,主要是由水溶性NH4+、K+、Ca2+、Mg2+含量的增加引起的。腐植酸由于含有各种官能团,可以有效抑制土壤中水溶性K+、Ca2+、Mg2+等盐基离子的增加,进而降低土壤的电导率。腐植酸对番茄的产量和品质也都有显著的影响,能使番茄增产36.5%,并明显提高番茄的Vc含量和含糖量。
Under the different fertilization conditions, the soil nutrients, salinity and the yield and quality of tomato were studied. The effects of different treatments on soil nutrients and water-soluble salt content, salt content The change of base ion composition and the vitamin C (Vc) content and sugar content in tomato were analyzed. The results showed that humic acid contained a variety of substances, and its application could increase soil organic matter content, increase soil available P and K contents, and reduce soil electrical conductivity. Soil conductivity increased by 3.7% with compound fertilizers, whereas soil conductivity decreased by 10.4% with humic acid. The increase of soil base ion content is mainly caused by the increase of water-soluble NH4 +, K +, Ca2 + and Mg2 + contents. Humic acid due to containing a variety of functional groups, can effectively inhibit the soil water-soluble K +, Ca2 +, Mg2 + and other base-based ions increase, and thus reduce the conductivity of the soil. Humic acid also had a significant effect on the yield and quality of tomato, which could increase the yield of tomato by 36.5% and significantly increase the Vc content and sugar content of tomato.