理性思维是一种有明确思维方向、有充分思维依据、能按照一定规则程序对各种事物进行逻辑推理的思维方式,主要有比较、分析、综合、类比、抽象、归纳与演绎等,它们的共同点是逻辑性。理性思维能力不是与生俱来的,而需要后天刻苦的学习和训练培养起来。比较是对观察的理性思考与提升,也是进一步分析、综合等理性思维的基础。课堂教学中,充分利用比较,对事物进行求同、求异,就能发现隐藏性质及规律,并以此为契机培养学生分析、综合、类比、抽象、归纳与演绎等理性思维。一、比较与分析 Rational thinking is a way of thinking that has a clear direction of thinking, a full of basis of thinking, and a logical reasoning of various things according to certain rules and procedures. There are mainly comparison, analysis, synthesis, analogy, abstraction, induction and deduction, etc. The common ground is logic. Rational thinking ability is not born, and need day after day hard learning and training to cultivate. Comparison is the rational thinking of observation and promotion, but also further analysis, synthesis and other rational thinking. Classroom teaching, make full use of comparison, the same things on different things, differences, we can find the hidden nature and law, and as an opportunity to develop students analysis, synthesis, analogy, abstraction, induction and deduction and other rational thinking. First, compare and analyze