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目的了解湖北省武汉地区听力残疾(听残)人群抑郁症状的检出率及影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法抽取武汉地区485例听残者,完成自编残疾人一般情况问卷、流调中心用抑郁量表(CES-D)和艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)问卷调查。结果听残者CES-D总分及EPQ-RSC精神质、内外倾向和神经质因子分别为(25.8±12.0)、(4.0±2.0)、(6.3±3.3)和(5.6±3.5)分;根据CES-D得分,分别检出有抑郁症状、肯定有抑郁症状和有严重抑郁症状的听残者222、167和54例,检出率分别为45.8%(95%CI=41.3%～50.2%)、34.4%(95%CI=30.2%～38.7%)和11.1%(95%CI=8.3%～13.9%);听残者抑郁症状加重的危险因素为受教育年限≤9年(OR=3.39)、一级和二级残疾(OR=1.88)、无助听器(OR=1.78)、EPQ-RSC内外倾向因子分≤6分(OR=2.20)和神经质因子分>6分(OR=4.82)。结论武汉地区听残人群抑郁症状检出率较高,文化程度低、听残等级重、无助听器和内向、情绪不稳的人格特征可能增加了听残者抑郁症状的发生风险。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of depression in people with hearing disabilities (hearing disabilities) in Wuhan, Hubei Province. Methods A total of 485 cases of hearing-impaired persons in Wuhan area were collected by multi-stage stratified stratified random cluster sampling method to complete the self-made questionnaire of general conditions of disabled persons. The Scale of Depression Scale (CES-D) and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Table Chinese version (EPQ-RSC) questionnaire. Results The scores of CES-D and EPQ-RSC were (25.8 ± 12.0), (4.0 ± 2.0), (6.3 ± 3.3) and (5.6 ± 3.5) points, respectively. According to CES -D scores were detected 222,267 and 54 cases of hearing-impaired persons with depressive symptoms, certainly depressive symptoms and severe depressive symptoms, the detection rates were 45.8% (95% CI = 41.3% ~ 50.2%), 34.4% (95% CI = 30.2% -38.7%) and 11.1% (95% CI = 8.3% -13.9%). The risk factors of worsening depressive symptoms were 9 years (OR = 3.39) There was no hearing aid (OR = 1.78), EPQ-RSC internal and external propensity score ≤6 points (OR = 2.20) and neuroticism score> 6 points (OR = 4.82). Conclusions The detection rate of depressive symptoms of hearing-impaired persons in Wuhan is high, with low educational level, severe hearing loss, non-hearing aid and introverted, emotional instability may increase the risk of depressive symptoms.