A Single-Site Positioning Method Based on TOA and DOA Estimation Using Virtual Stations in NLOS Envi

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This paper presents a single-site positioning method based on the joint estima-tion of propagation time-of-arrival (TOA) and direction-of-arrival (DOA), with the assist of virtual stations in the typical non-line-of-sight (NLOS) environment. Consider the influence of multipath noise on the positioning perfor-mance, the proposed method firstly presents a modified high-resolution estimation tech-nique called Multipath noise Limiting Matrix Pencil (MLMP) algorithm to achieve the TOA/DOA estimations, in which the matrix pencil and matrix enhancement process are implemented to deal with the measurements from the uniform linear array (ULA) receiver. Meanwhile, the subspace dimension estima-tion is improved via an adaptive threshold, for enhancing the performance of high-resolution techniques in low signal-noise-ration (SNR) situation. Next the proposed method generates virtual stations utilizing the known floor plan of surrounding reflectors, and adopts a weight-ed Least Square (WLS) position estimator to calculate the required position, combining the TOA/DOA estimations with the location of virtual stations. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the proposed method under NLOS conditions, and the results show that compar-ing with the multipath fingerprinting scheme, the proposed method has better performance in various simulation scenarios.
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