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Abstract
In this paper, an exergy analysis approach is proposed for optimal design of distillation column by using Genetic algorithm. First, the simulation of a distillation column is performed by using the shortcut results and irreversibility in each tray is obtained. The area beneath the exergy loss profile is used as Irreversibility Index for exergy criteria. Then, two targets optimization algorithm (SA, Simulated Annealing) is used to maximize recovery and minimize irreversibility index in a column by six different variables(Feed Condition, Reflux Rate, Number of theoretical stage, Feed Trays (Feed Splitting, three variables)). SA uses one objective function for the purpose or alters two targets optimization to one target optimization. Then, GA optimization algorithm is used for two targets optimization except Pareto set which is used instead of objective function; finally, the results are compared with SA results. Then, one pump-around is considered to obtain better results (OPT2). Irreversibility index criterion is compared with exergetic efficiency, constant and variable feed composition splitters are considered.
Key words: Exergy analysis; Irreversibility index; Genetic algorithm; Process optimization; Distillation column
REFERENCES
[1] Benali, T., Tondeur, D., & Jaubert, J.N. (2012). An Improved Crude Oil Atmospheric Distillation Process for Energy Integration: Part I: Energy and Exergy Analyses of the Process when a Flash is Installed in the Preheating Train. Applied Thermal Engineering, 32, 125-131.
[2] Ratkje, S.K., Sauar, E., Hansen, E.M. Lien, K.M., & Hafskjold., B. (1995). Analysis of Entropy Production Rates for Design of Distillation Columns. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 34(9), 3001-3007.
[3] Taprap, R., & Ishida, M. (1996). Graphic exergy analysis of processes in distillation column by energy-utilization diagram. AIChE J., 42(6), 1633-1641.
[4] Agrawal, R., & Herron, D.M. (1997). Optimal Thermodynamic Feed Conditions for Distillation of Ideal Binary Mixtures. AIChE J., 43(11), 2984-2996.
[5] Khoa,T.D., Shuhaimi, M., & Nam, H.M. (2012). Application of Three Dimensional Exergy Analysis Curves for Absorption Columns. Energy, 37(1), 273-280.
[6] Rizk, J., Nemer, M., & Clodic, D. (2012). A Real Column Design Exergy Optimization of a Cryogenic Air Separation Unit. Energy, 37(1), 417-429.
[7] Dhole, V.R., & Linnhoff, B. (1993). Distillation Column Targets. Comp. Chem. Eng., 17(5/6), 549-560.
[8] Bandyopadhyay, S., Malik, R.K., & Shenoy, U.V. (1998). Temperature–Enthalpy Curve for Energy Targeting of Distillation Columns. Comp. Chem. Eng., 22(12), 1733-1744.
[9] Bandyopadhyay S., Malik, R.K., & Shenoy, U.V. (1999). Invariant Rectifying Stripping Curves for Targeting Minimum Energy and Feed Location in Distillation. Comp. Chem. Eng., 23(8), 1109-1124.
[10] Franklin, N.L., & Wilkinson, M.B., (1982). Reversibility in the Separation of Multicomponent Mixtures. Trans. IChemE, 60, 276-282.
[11] van der Ham, L.V., & Kjelstrup, S., (2010). Exergy Analysis of Two Cryogenic Air Separation Processes. Energy, 35(12), 4731-4739.
[12] Zemp, R.J., De Faria, S.H.B., & Maia, M.L.O. (1997). Driving Force Distribution and Exergy Loss in the Thermodynamic Analysis of Distillation Columns. Computer and Chemical Engineering, 21S, S523-S528.
[13] Chang, H., & Li, Jr-W. (2005). A New Exergy Method for Process Analysis and Optimization. Chemical Engineering Science, 60(10), 2771-2784.
[14] Samtana, E.I., & Zemp, R.J. (2005). Thermodynamic Analysis of a Crude-Oil Fractionating Process. Proceedings of the 2nd Mercosur Congress on Chemical Engineering and the 4th Mercosur Congress on Process Systems Engineering, Angra do Reis.
[15] Faria, S.H.B., & Zemp, R.J. (2005). Using Exergy Loss Profiles and Enthalpy-Temperature Profiles for the Evaluation of Thermodynamic Efficiency in Distillation Column. Thermal Engineering, 4(1), 76-82.
[16] De Koeijer, G., & Rivero, R. (2003). Entropy Production and Exergy Loss in Experimental Distillation Columns. Chemical Engineering Science, 58(8), 1587 – 1597.
[17] De Koeijer, G.M., & Kjelstrup, S., (2004). Application of Irreversible Thermodynamics to Distillation. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 7(3), 107-114.
[18] Wankat, P.C., & Kessler, D.P. (1993). Two-Feed Distillation: Same-Composition Feeds with Different Enthalpies. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 32(12), 3061-3067.
[19] Bandyopadhyay, S. (2002). Effect of Feed on Optimal Thermodynamic Performance of a Distillation Column. Chemical Engineering Journal, 88(1-3), 175-186.
[20] Bandyopadhyay, S. (2006). Thermal Integration of a Distillation Column Through Side-Exchangers. IChemE Symposium, 152, 162-171.
[21] Douani, M., Terkhi, S., & Ouadjenia, F. (2007). Distillation of a Complex Mixture. Part II: Performance Analysis of a Distillation Column Using Exergy. Entropy, 9(3), 137-151.
[22] Le Goff, P., Cachot, T., & Rivero, R. (1996). Exergy Analysis of Distillation Processes. Chemical Engineering Technology, 19(6), 478-485.
[23] Jimenez, E.S., Salamon, P., & Rivero, R. (2004). Optimization of a Diabatic Distillation Column with Sequential Heat Exchangers. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(23), 7566-7571.
[24] Kjelstrup, S., & Rosjorde, A. (2005). The Second Law Optimal State of a Diabatic Binary Tray Distillation Column. Chemical Engineering Science, 60(5), 1199-1210.
[25] Rivero, R. (2001). Exergy Simulation Optimization of Adiabatic and Diabatic Binary Distillation. Energy, 26(6), 561-593.
[26] Sauar, E., Rivero, R., Kjelstrup, S., & Lien, K.M. (1997). Diabatic Column Optimization Compared to Isoforce Columns. Energy Conversion and Management, 38(15-17), 1777-1783.
[27] Schaller, M., Hoffman, K.H., Siragusa, G., Salamon, P., & Andersen, B. (2001). Numerically Optimized Performance of Diabatic Distillation Column. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 25(11-12), 1537-1548.
[28] Huang, K., Shan, L., Zhu, Q., & Qian, J. (2008). A Totally Heat-Integrated Distillation Column (THiDiC) - the Effect of Feed Pre-heating by Distillate. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28(8-9), 856-864.
[29] Khoa, T.D., Shuhaimi, M., Hashim, H., & Panjeshahi, M.H. (2010). Optimal Design of Distillation Column Using Three Dimensional Exergy Analysis Curves. Energy, 35(12), 5309-5319.
[30] Seader, J.D, & Henley E.J. (2006). Separation Process
Principles.
[31] Friday, R., Smith, B.D. (1964). An Analysis of The Equilibrium Stage Separations Problem-Formulation and Convergence. AIChE J., 10(5), 698-707.
[32] Wang, J.C., & Henke, G.E. (1966). Tridiagonal Matrix for Distillation. Hydrocarbon Processing, 45(8), 155-163.
[33] Sharma, R., Jindal, A., Mandawala, D., & Jana, S.K. (1999). Design/ Retrofit Targets of Pump-Around Refluxes for Better Energy Integration of a Crude Distillation Column. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 38(6), 2411-2417.
[34] Aspen HYSYS Version (20.0.0.6728). (2006). Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.: Aspen Technology, Inc.
In this paper, an exergy analysis approach is proposed for optimal design of distillation column by using Genetic algorithm. First, the simulation of a distillation column is performed by using the shortcut results and irreversibility in each tray is obtained. The area beneath the exergy loss profile is used as Irreversibility Index for exergy criteria. Then, two targets optimization algorithm (SA, Simulated Annealing) is used to maximize recovery and minimize irreversibility index in a column by six different variables(Feed Condition, Reflux Rate, Number of theoretical stage, Feed Trays (Feed Splitting, three variables)). SA uses one objective function for the purpose or alters two targets optimization to one target optimization. Then, GA optimization algorithm is used for two targets optimization except Pareto set which is used instead of objective function; finally, the results are compared with SA results. Then, one pump-around is considered to obtain better results (OPT2). Irreversibility index criterion is compared with exergetic efficiency, constant and variable feed composition splitters are considered.
Key words: Exergy analysis; Irreversibility index; Genetic algorithm; Process optimization; Distillation column
REFERENCES
[1] Benali, T., Tondeur, D., & Jaubert, J.N. (2012). An Improved Crude Oil Atmospheric Distillation Process for Energy Integration: Part I: Energy and Exergy Analyses of the Process when a Flash is Installed in the Preheating Train. Applied Thermal Engineering, 32, 125-131.
[2] Ratkje, S.K., Sauar, E., Hansen, E.M. Lien, K.M., & Hafskjold., B. (1995). Analysis of Entropy Production Rates for Design of Distillation Columns. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 34(9), 3001-3007.
[3] Taprap, R., & Ishida, M. (1996). Graphic exergy analysis of processes in distillation column by energy-utilization diagram. AIChE J., 42(6), 1633-1641.
[4] Agrawal, R., & Herron, D.M. (1997). Optimal Thermodynamic Feed Conditions for Distillation of Ideal Binary Mixtures. AIChE J., 43(11), 2984-2996.
[5] Khoa,T.D., Shuhaimi, M., & Nam, H.M. (2012). Application of Three Dimensional Exergy Analysis Curves for Absorption Columns. Energy, 37(1), 273-280.
[6] Rizk, J., Nemer, M., & Clodic, D. (2012). A Real Column Design Exergy Optimization of a Cryogenic Air Separation Unit. Energy, 37(1), 417-429.
[7] Dhole, V.R., & Linnhoff, B. (1993). Distillation Column Targets. Comp. Chem. Eng., 17(5/6), 549-560.
[8] Bandyopadhyay, S., Malik, R.K., & Shenoy, U.V. (1998). Temperature–Enthalpy Curve for Energy Targeting of Distillation Columns. Comp. Chem. Eng., 22(12), 1733-1744.
[9] Bandyopadhyay S., Malik, R.K., & Shenoy, U.V. (1999). Invariant Rectifying Stripping Curves for Targeting Minimum Energy and Feed Location in Distillation. Comp. Chem. Eng., 23(8), 1109-1124.
[10] Franklin, N.L., & Wilkinson, M.B., (1982). Reversibility in the Separation of Multicomponent Mixtures. Trans. IChemE, 60, 276-282.
[11] van der Ham, L.V., & Kjelstrup, S., (2010). Exergy Analysis of Two Cryogenic Air Separation Processes. Energy, 35(12), 4731-4739.
[12] Zemp, R.J., De Faria, S.H.B., & Maia, M.L.O. (1997). Driving Force Distribution and Exergy Loss in the Thermodynamic Analysis of Distillation Columns. Computer and Chemical Engineering, 21S, S523-S528.
[13] Chang, H., & Li, Jr-W. (2005). A New Exergy Method for Process Analysis and Optimization. Chemical Engineering Science, 60(10), 2771-2784.
[14] Samtana, E.I., & Zemp, R.J. (2005). Thermodynamic Analysis of a Crude-Oil Fractionating Process. Proceedings of the 2nd Mercosur Congress on Chemical Engineering and the 4th Mercosur Congress on Process Systems Engineering, Angra do Reis.
[15] Faria, S.H.B., & Zemp, R.J. (2005). Using Exergy Loss Profiles and Enthalpy-Temperature Profiles for the Evaluation of Thermodynamic Efficiency in Distillation Column. Thermal Engineering, 4(1), 76-82.
[16] De Koeijer, G., & Rivero, R. (2003). Entropy Production and Exergy Loss in Experimental Distillation Columns. Chemical Engineering Science, 58(8), 1587 – 1597.
[17] De Koeijer, G.M., & Kjelstrup, S., (2004). Application of Irreversible Thermodynamics to Distillation. International Journal of Thermodynamics, 7(3), 107-114.
[18] Wankat, P.C., & Kessler, D.P. (1993). Two-Feed Distillation: Same-Composition Feeds with Different Enthalpies. Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research, 32(12), 3061-3067.
[19] Bandyopadhyay, S. (2002). Effect of Feed on Optimal Thermodynamic Performance of a Distillation Column. Chemical Engineering Journal, 88(1-3), 175-186.
[20] Bandyopadhyay, S. (2006). Thermal Integration of a Distillation Column Through Side-Exchangers. IChemE Symposium, 152, 162-171.
[21] Douani, M., Terkhi, S., & Ouadjenia, F. (2007). Distillation of a Complex Mixture. Part II: Performance Analysis of a Distillation Column Using Exergy. Entropy, 9(3), 137-151.
[22] Le Goff, P., Cachot, T., & Rivero, R. (1996). Exergy Analysis of Distillation Processes. Chemical Engineering Technology, 19(6), 478-485.
[23] Jimenez, E.S., Salamon, P., & Rivero, R. (2004). Optimization of a Diabatic Distillation Column with Sequential Heat Exchangers. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 43(23), 7566-7571.
[24] Kjelstrup, S., & Rosjorde, A. (2005). The Second Law Optimal State of a Diabatic Binary Tray Distillation Column. Chemical Engineering Science, 60(5), 1199-1210.
[25] Rivero, R. (2001). Exergy Simulation Optimization of Adiabatic and Diabatic Binary Distillation. Energy, 26(6), 561-593.
[26] Sauar, E., Rivero, R., Kjelstrup, S., & Lien, K.M. (1997). Diabatic Column Optimization Compared to Isoforce Columns. Energy Conversion and Management, 38(15-17), 1777-1783.
[27] Schaller, M., Hoffman, K.H., Siragusa, G., Salamon, P., & Andersen, B. (2001). Numerically Optimized Performance of Diabatic Distillation Column. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 25(11-12), 1537-1548.
[28] Huang, K., Shan, L., Zhu, Q., & Qian, J. (2008). A Totally Heat-Integrated Distillation Column (THiDiC) - the Effect of Feed Pre-heating by Distillate. Applied Thermal Engineering, 28(8-9), 856-864.
[29] Khoa, T.D., Shuhaimi, M., Hashim, H., & Panjeshahi, M.H. (2010). Optimal Design of Distillation Column Using Three Dimensional Exergy Analysis Curves. Energy, 35(12), 5309-5319.
[30] Seader, J.D, & Henley E.J. (2006). Separation Process
Principles.
[31] Friday, R., Smith, B.D. (1964). An Analysis of The Equilibrium Stage Separations Problem-Formulation and Convergence. AIChE J., 10(5), 698-707.
[32] Wang, J.C., & Henke, G.E. (1966). Tridiagonal Matrix for Distillation. Hydrocarbon Processing, 45(8), 155-163.
[33] Sharma, R., Jindal, A., Mandawala, D., & Jana, S.K. (1999). Design/ Retrofit Targets of Pump-Around Refluxes for Better Energy Integration of a Crude Distillation Column. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res, 38(6), 2411-2417.
[34] Aspen HYSYS Version (20.0.0.6728). (2006). Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S.A.: Aspen Technology, Inc.