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100年前,Latham提出冠状动脉痉挛是心绞痛的原因。1959年,Prinzmetal等归纳安静时发生心绞痛,伴短暂性ST段抬高的一组病例的临床和心电图特点,称为变异型心绞痛(Vanriant form of Angina Pectoris)。并认为心绞痛的发作是由于一大支冠状动脉近端有严重损伤,伴“暂时性张力增强”——痉挛所致。其后报告了一些病例,目前已认为此症不属少见病范畴。随着心血管造影的进展,发现变异型心绞痛患者只一部分病例符合Prinzmetal指出的冠状动脉1支(或多支)有高度狭窄性病变,
100 years ago, Latham proposed that coronary artery spasm is the cause of angina. In 1959, Prinzmetal et al. Summarized the clinical and electrocardiographic features of a group of patients with angina pectoris and transient ST-segment elevation, known as the Vanriant form of Angina Pectoris. And that the onset of angina is due to a large coronary artery proximal serious injury, with “temporary tension-enhanced” - spasm. Subsequent reports of a number of cases, has now considered this disease is not a rare case. With the progress of cardiovascular angiography, only a few cases of patients with variant angina were found to have a highly stenotic lesion in one (or more) of the coronary arteries identified by Prinzmetal,