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目的了解泰安市流行性腮腺炎流行病学特征,为制定该病预防控制策略提供依据。方法利用描述流行病学方法对2004~2015年泰安市流行性腮腺炎疫情资料进行分析。结果 2004~2015年泰安市共报告流行性腮腺炎6 947例,年平均发病率为12.42/10万(P<0.01)。2012~2013年发病高峰显著;一年中具有典型的双峰双底发病特征;病例主要集中在2~19岁(占86.83%),该年龄段年均年发病率达50.89/10万;发病以中小学生、托幼和散居儿童为主(占87.55%)。2004~2015年期间报告暴发疫情74起,发病1 702例,占总病例数的24.50%,暴发疫情均发生在中小学或幼托机构;男性发病率为8.00/10万,女性为4.42/10万(P<0.01);≤14岁病例中,15.59%至少有1次流行性腮腺炎疫苗免疫史。结论泰安市2004~2015年流行性腮腺炎发病维持一定自然发病水平,是现阶段影响青少年儿童健康和教育机构正常教学秩序的公共卫生问题之一。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mumps in Tai’an and provide evidence for the prevention and control strategies of this disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic data of mumps in Tai’an from 2004 to 2015. Results A total of 6 947 cases of mumps were reported in Tai’an from 2004 to 2015, with an average annual incidence of 12.42 / 100 000 (P <0.01). The peak incidence was significant between 2012 and 2013; the characteristic of double peaks and double bottom was typical in one year; the cases mainly concentrated in 2 to 19 years old (86.83%), and the annual average annual incidence was 50.89 / Primary and secondary school students, nursery and scattered children (87.55%). During the period from 2004 to 2015, 74 outbreaks were reported and 1 702 cases were reported, accounting for 24.50% of the total number of cases. Outbreaks occurred in primary and secondary schools or in child care institutions. The incidence of males was 8.00 per 100 000 and that of females 4.42 / 10 (P <0.01); 15.59% of cases ≤14 years had at least one history of mumps vaccine immunization. Conclusions The incidence of mumps in the city of Tai’an from 2004 to 2015 maintains a certain level of natural disease, which is one of the public health problems that affect the normal teaching order of health and education institutions for children and adolescents at this stage.