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我国2012年修正的《刑事诉讼法》第240条的规定是被告人及其辩护人和人民检察院对最高人民法院的死刑复核进行参与和实行监督。生命权对于每位公民来讲都具有极其重要的意义,而死刑是最严厉的刑罚措施。因此,为了统一、慎重地适用死刑,我国《刑事诉讼法》规定,死刑由最高人民法院核准。但最高人民法院在核准死刑的过程中,却产生了较多问题。而实践中的认识也不尽统一。任何权力都应该受到一定的限制,否则即有被滥用的危险,死刑复核权也不例外。文章拟在分析目前死刑复核程序存在的问题的基础上,从人民检察院的法律监督权和被告人的辩护权两个角度出发,探讨对死刑复核程序的监督机制。
Article 240 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, amended in 2012 in our country, stipulates that the accused and his defender and the people’s procuratorate shall take part in and supervise the death penalty review of the Supreme People’s Court. The right to life is of paramount importance to every citizen, and the death penalty is the most severe punishment. Therefore, in order to unify and carefully apply the death penalty, China’s “Criminal Procedure Law” stipulates that the death penalty shall be approved by the Supreme People’s Court. However, the Supreme People’s Court has given rise to more problems in the process of authorizing the death penalty. In practice, the understanding is not uniform. Any power should be subject to certain restrictions, or that is the risk of abuse, the death penalty review is no exception. Based on the analysis of the existing problems in the death penalty review process, the article intends to explore the supervision mechanism of the death penalty review procedure from the perspectives of the legal supervision power of the People’s Procuratorate and the defendant’s right of defense.