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原煤的开采、储存、运输及其加工利用过程是多环芳烃(PAHs)污染的主要来源。由于缺乏相关系统调查数据,其对煤矿复垦区土壤环境质量的影响尚不明确。平朔煤矿复垦土地主要作为耕地利用,了解其PAHs污染状况直接关系粮食安全和人体健康。该研究通过野外实地调查,开展了平朔煤矿复垦区表层土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的毒性风险分析研究。在整个平朔煤矿45km2范围内,以500m×500m间距为基准,按照不同用地类型,采集了0~20cm深度土壤样品179个,再按照1km×1km单元格组合后分析。使用安捷伦高分辨气相色谱-低分辨质谱进行目标物的检测。加入代用标准2-氟联苯(2-FBP)以进行回收率控制。研究结果表明:土壤中16种EPA-PAHs的含量范围为213.60~2 513.20ng·g-1,均值为717.09ng·g-1。PAHs成分特征显示主要以3~4环为主(52%),5~6环次之(42%),2环所占比例最低(6%)。使用相关分析法判定,主要污染来源为原煤。毒性风险分析结果显示,平朔煤矿土壤PAHs存在一定生态风险,当土地重新作为农田加以利用时,需要加以关注。
Raw coal mining, storage, transportation and processing and utilization of PAHs are the main sources of pollution. Due to the lack of relevant system survey data, the impact on soil environmental quality in reclamation areas is not yet clear. The land reclaimed from Pingshuo Coal Mine is mainly used as cultivated land. Understanding its PAHs pollution status is directly related to food security and human health. The field investigation conducted in this study carried out the toxicological risk analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in surface soil of reclamation area of Pingshuo Coal Mine. Based on 500m × 500m intervals, 179 soil samples of 0 ~ 20cm depth were collected according to different types of land use within the 45km2 range of Pingshuo coal mine, and then grouped and analyzed according to 1km × 1km cell combinations. Target detection using Agilent High Resolution Gas Chromatography - Low Resolution Mass Spectrometry. The substitution standard 2-fluorobiphenyl (2-FBP) was added for recovery control. The results showed that the content of 16 kinds of EPA-PAHs in soil ranged from 213.60 to 213.20 ng · g-1, with an average value of 717.09 ng · g-1. The main characteristics of PAHs were 3 ~ 4 rings (52%), 5 ~ 6 rings (42%) and 2 rings (6%). Using the correlation analysis, the main source of pollution is raw coal. Toxicological risk analysis results show that there is some ecological risk in the soil PAHs in Pingshuo coal mine. When land is reused as farmland, it needs attention.