企业通过生产、销售、广告、参与社会公益活动等对外部环境施加影响,而外部环境及其变化则对企业的各项活动也起着一定程度的制约作用。这种影响和作用通过不断地为企业提供市场机遇或制造市场威胁的方式体现出来。这些机遇或威胁,有的能使企业获得较快或较大的发展;有的则会让企业或快或慢地陷入困境,甚至置于死地。危机经常成为企业的一个转折点,企业若能及时有效地解决危机,力挽狂澜,变被动为主动,变危机为转机,也将会给企业的发展创造机会。企业无论大小,都需要进行严密的危机管理。当危机发生或已经发生时,对管理者来说,如何面对是十分重要的。要设尽一切方法,把损失降低到最小限度,并使之尽快地摆脱困境和走出危机。世界各大历史悠久的公司都有很多类似的经历和值得我们学习的处理危机的方法。 The company exerts influence on the external environment through production, sales, advertising, participation in social welfare activities, etc. The external environment and its changes also play a certain degree of restriction on the various activities of the enterprise. This kind of influence and effect is reflected in the way companies continuously provide market opportunities or create market threats. Some of these opportunities or threats can enable companies to achieve faster or greater development; others will allow companies to get into trouble quickly or slowly, and even put to death. The crisis has often become a turning point for enterprises. If companies can solve the crisis in a timely and effective manner, and turn their backs on their own initiative, turning passive into initiative and turning crisis into a turning point, it will also create opportunities for the development of enterprises. Businesses, big or small, need strict crisis management. When the crisis occurs or has occurred, it is very important for managers to face it. Every effort should be made to minimize losses and make them emerge from the crisis and emerge from the crisis as soon as possible. The world’s long-established companies have many similar experiences and methods to deal with the crisis that we need to learn.