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[目的]探讨四川省眉山市276例泌尿系结石患者的结石成分及特征.[方法]选取眉山市泌尿系结石患者276例,对其结石成分及特征进行调查分析,并通过调查结果提出合适的预防指导.[结果]男性泌尿系结石发病率为68.47％(189/276),显著高于女性31.53％(87/276),且差异有显著性(P＜0.05);50～59岁年龄段泌尿系结石发病率为25.72％,均高于其他年龄段发病率,除与40～49岁年龄段比较差异无显著性外(P＞0.05),与其他年龄段比较差异均有显著性(P＜0.05).单纯结石中以草酸钙、尿酸钙最多,分别占44.93％、1.51％,混合型结石以草酸钙+碳酸磷灰石、草酸钙+尿酸最多,分别为35.14％、10.51％;不同泌尿系统部位结石均以草酸钙成分检出率最高,草酸钙结石在肾、输尿管、膀胱、尿道的分布率分别为67.03％、22.10％、4.71％、0.36％.[结论]眉山市泌尿系结石患者结石成分以草酸钙、尿酸钙为主,结石主要发生部位为上尿路,采取相应的治疗、预防措施,对提高治疗疗效、减少复发率有着重要意义.“,”[Objective]To study the composition and characteristics of urinary stones in 276 cases with urinary calculi in Meishan.[Methods]A total of 276 cases with urinary calculi in Meishan were enrolled in the study and the composition and characteristics of the stones were investigated.[Results]The incidence rate of urinary calculi in male(68.47％,189/276)was higher than that in female(31.53％,87/276);the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The in-cidence rate was 25.72％in the age group of 50～59 years old,which was significantly higher than those in other age groups[≤19 years old(2.54％),20～29 years old(9.42％),30～39 years old(18.48％),60 to 69 years old(14.13％)and ≥ 70 years old(6.88％);P ＜ 0.05],except for the age group of 40～49 years old(P ＞0.05).Most simple stones were composed of calcium oxalate and calcium urate,accounting for 44.93％and 1.51％of the stones,re-spectively.In mixed stones,calcium oxalate combined with carbonate apatite and calcium oxalate combined with uric acid were the most common,accounting for 35.14％and 10.51％,respectively.The detection rate of calcium oxalate was the highest in stones at different sites of urinary system.The distribution rates of calcium oxalate in kidney,ureter,bladder and urethra were 67.03％,22.10％,4.71％and 0.36％,respectively.[Conclusion]The main compositions of urinary cal-culi in patients in Meishan are calcium oxalate and calcium urate.The major site of calculi is the upper urinary tract.Our results indicate that appropriate treatment and preventive measures can be applied to improve the therapeutic effect and re-duce the recurrence of urinary stones.