土壤有机碳的贮存和损失的研究是目前国际上前沿研究领域之一。研究农田土壤有机碳固定过程 ,对于了解农业生产过程和生态过程的关系具有十分重要的意义。在农田土壤中 ,发生变化的有机碳主要是年轻或轻组有机碳 ,而且土壤有机碳的损失或固定都是在土壤表层和有限的时间内发生 ,且数量巨大。传统的耕作体系是造成土壤有机碳损失的主要原因。为了增加农田土壤有机碳的保有量 ,农业管理措施应该从增加有机碳的输入量 (如草田轮作、保留残茬以及施用肥料等 )和减少土壤有机碳的矿化 (少、免耕等 )两方面入手 The research on the storage and loss of soil organic carbon is one of the most advanced fields in the world. Studying the process of soil organic carbon fixation in farmland is of great significance for understanding the relationship between agricultural production processes and ecological processes. In farmland soil, the changeable organic carbon is mainly young or light organic carbon, and the loss or fixation of soil organic carbon occurs on the soil surface and in a limited time, and the quantity is huge. The traditional farming system is the main reason for the loss of soil organic carbon. In order to increase the amount of soil organic carbon in farmland, agricultural management measures should be taken from increasing inputs of organic carbon (eg rotation of grassland, retention of stubble, application of fertilizers, etc.) and reduction of mineralization (less, no-tillage, etc.) of soil organic carbon Start with