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陕西省铜川市地处渭北黄土高原中部,属暖温带大陆性季风气候,为半干旱半湿润地区,小麦生育期间光照充足,温度适宜,为小麦生长提供了适宜的气候条件。近年来随着小麦生产水平的不断提高和品种的更新换代,我市小麦生产得到了快速发展,2013年全市小麦收获面积2.53万hm2,由于冬春持续严重干旱,小麦单位产量较2012年减产7.6%。而我市在小麦生产中却存在着耕层过浅、整地播种质量差、施肥不合理、播种期偏早播量偏大、病虫草害防治不力、倒伏等问题,严重影响了小麦生产水平的提高。
Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province is located in the middle of the Weibei Loess Plateau. It belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate and is semi-arid and semi-humid area. Wheat has adequate light and temperature during growth and provides suitable climatic conditions for wheat growth. In recent years, with the continuous improvement of wheat production and the replacement of varieties, the production of wheat in our city has been rapidly developed. In 2013, the wheat harvested area in the whole city was 25,300 hm2. Due to the severe drought in winter and spring, the yield per unit of wheat decreased by 7.6% %. In our city, there are some problems in the production of wheat, such as too shallow farming layer, poor quality of sowing land preparation, unreasonable fertilization, too large seeding rate in sowing period, poor control of pests and weeds, lodging and so on, seriously affecting the production level of wheat improve.