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关于光路可逆性,教材仅指出:“光反射时的光路是可逆的;光折射时的光路也是可逆的。”没有详细的分析和定量的应用例举,以致学生往往造成错觉,认为光路可逆性无关重要。实际上光路可逆性是几何光学中的一个重要结论,它在控制光路,研究成像等问题时有独特的作用,近几年的高考题充分体现了这一点。从思维角度来讲,应用光路可逆性来解题,是一种逆向思维的训练和养成的过程,它对学生灵活应用几何光学的基本规律起着十分重要的作用,故教学中应引起重视。本文拟就光路可逆性的物理意义,基本解题方法和步骤作些探讨,供同行参考。
Regarding the reversibility of the light path, the textbook only states: “The light path during light reflection is reversible; the light path at the time of light refraction is also reversible.” Without detailed analysis and quantitative application examples, students often cause illusions that light path reversibility Not important. In fact, the reversibility of the optical path is an important conclusion in geometrical optics. It has a unique role in controlling the optical path and studying imaging problems. The college entrance examination questions in recent years have fully reflected this point. From the perspective of thinking, applying the reversibility of the optical path to solve problems is a process of training and cultivation of reverse thinking. It plays an important role in students’ flexible application of the basic laws of geometrical optics. Therefore, attention should be paid to teaching. . This article intends to discuss the physical significance of light path reversibility, basic problem-solving methods and steps for reference by peers.