脊髓灰质炎俗称小儿麻痹症,是一种由脊髓灰质炎病毒引起的急性病症。该病毒一般经由粪-口途径传播,也可通过受粪便污染了的食品及奶传播,但目前并无证据证实疾病可由昆虫传播。脊髓灰质炎病毒分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型,潜伏期是由五至三十五天,以七至十四天最为常见。被病毒感染的患儿通常在瘫痪前期出现发热症状,3～4天体温下降后出现瘫痪。 Polio, commonly known as poliomyelitis, is an acute condition caused by poliovirus. The virus is usually transmitted via the fecal-oral route and can also be transmitted through faecal contaminated food and milk, but there is currently no evidence that the disease can be transmitted by insects. Poliovirus is divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ type, the incubation period is from five to thirty-five days to seven to fourteen days the most common. Children infected with the virus usually have symptoms of fever in the early stage of paralysis, and paralysis occurs after the body temperature drops in 3 to 4 days.