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印楝属(Azadirachta A.Juss.)属楝科(Meliaceae)。印楝属植物由印度-马来亚(Indo-Malesian)特有成分组成,目前,世界分布(天然分布和栽培分布)约80个国家。现在得到公认并广泛使用的印楝属,传统上被归入楝属(Melia L.),由于与楝科的Antelaea、Azedarach和Trichilia的亲缘关系相近、形态特征相似,在属的归属上和种的确定上有较大的争议,被正式描述的“属”和“种”分别为5属、11种。从传统分类学水平,分析回顾了印楝属的系统位置、分类的现状与问题。并根据其地理分布,综述了印楝属植物的原产地及当今世界分布情况。
Azadirachta A. Juss. Belongs to Meliaceae. The genus Neem is composed of Indo-Malesian endemic components and is currently distributed in about 80 countries in the world (native and cultivated). The now widely accepted and widely used genus of Neem, traditionally classified as Melia L., is closely related to Antelaea, Azedarach and Trichilia of Meliaceae and has similar morphological characteristics, genus and genus There is a big controversy on the determination. The “genus” and the “genus” are formally described as 5 genera and 11 species, respectively. From the traditional taxonomic level, the status of the system and the classification of the genus Neemis were reviewed. According to its geographical distribution, the origin of the genus Neem and its distribution in the world are summarized.