目的探讨重组人白细胞介素-11(rh IL-11)联合糖皮质激素治疗初治免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)的疗效及安全性。方法随机选取2014年3月至2016年9月58例初治ITP患者,通过随机数表法分为研究组与对照组,每组29例。对照组采用糖皮质激素治疗,静脉滴注地塞米松10 mg/d,血小板计数至100×10~9/L则改用泼尼松,口服60 mg/d;研究组采用地塞米松+rh IL-11,若血小板计数至100×10~9/L则终止应用rh IL-11,两组均持续治疗7 d。统计两组临床疗效及不良反应发生率,分析治疗前及治疗3、7 d时两组血小板计数水平变化情况。结果研究组总有效率(93.10%)高于对照组(68.97%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前两组血小板计数水平比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后3、7 d,两组血小板计数水平均较治疗前增加,且研究组各时期血小板计数水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率(17.24%)与对照组(10.34%)比较差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论联合采用重组人白细胞介素-11及糖皮质激素治疗初治免疫性血小板减少症患者效果显著,可有效增加血小板计数水平,提高治疗效果,且安全性较高,具有推广价值。 Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rh IL-11) combined with glucocorticoid in the treatment of initial immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Methods 58 cases of newly diagnosed ITP patients were randomly selected from March 2014 to September 2016 and divided into study group and control group by random number table method, with 29 cases in each group. The control group was treated with glucocorticoid, dexamethasone was given intravenously 10 mg / d, and the platelet count was 100 × 10 ~ 9 / L, prednisone was used instead of 60 mg / d. The study group was treated with dexamethasone + rh IL-11, if the platelet count to 100 × 10 ~ 9 / L, terminate the application of rh IL-11, two groups were treated for 7 days. The clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions in both groups were statistically analyzed. The changes of platelet counts before and 3 and 7 days after treatment were analyzed. Results The total effective rate (93.10%) in the study group was higher than that in the control group (68.97%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The platelet counts of the two groups before treatment had no significant difference (P> 0.05). At 3 and 7 days after treatment, the platelet count of both groups increased compared with those before treatment, and the platelet counts of the study group were higher than those of the control group , The difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions (17.24%) between the study group and the control group (10.34%) (P> 0.05). Conclusion The combination of recombinant human interleukin-11 and glucocorticoid treatment of patients with initial treatment of immune thrombocytopenia significant effect, can effectively increase the platelet count and improve the treatment effect, and the safety is high, with the promotion value.