目的了解2011─2015年新疆伊宁市艾滋病的流行特点和趋势,为制定有效的控制措施提供依据。方法核查2011─2015年伊宁市艾滋病疫情资料并进行流行病学分析。结果 2011─2015年伊宁市报告HIV感染者/艾滋病病人(HIV/AIDS)2 578例,其中HIV感染者2 015例,AIDS病人563例;男女性别比1.5∶1;主要集中在20岁~和30岁~组、占60.4%,平均年龄(36.9±11.3)岁;小学和初中文化程度占71.2%;传播途径主要为性传播、占74.6%,其中同性传播占2.5%,异性传播的比例比较平稳,同性性接触传播的感染比例有所上升,而静脉吸毒传播逐年下降(χ~2=75.399,P<0.01)。结论伊宁市HIV/AIDS人群呈现出年龄小、文化程度低、家政待业、低收入和性传播为主的特征,婚外异性传播占主要部分,应关注同性传播,扩大监测、检测和综合干预的覆盖面,预防母婴传播、提高治疗水平、加强关怀救助,提高HIV/AIDS的生活质量从而降低艾滋病的传播。 Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of AIDS in Yining, Xinjiang from 2011 to 2015 and provide the basis for effective control measures. Methods The AIDS epidemic data in Yining City during 2011-2015 were verified and analyzed by epidemiology. Results A total of 2 578 HIV / AIDS patients (HIV / AIDS) were reported in Yining City from 2011 to 2015, of which 2 015 were HIV-infected and 563 were AIDS-related; the ratio of men to women was 1.5: 1; And the age group of 30 years old, accounting for 60.4% with an average age of (36.9 ± 11.3) years. The primary and middle school education accounted for 71.2% of the total. The main routes of transmission were sexual transmission, accounting for 74.6%, of which 2.5% were same-sex transmission and heterosexual transmission The proportion of smoother and same-sex contact transmission increased while that of intravenous drug use decreased year by year (χ ~ 2 = 75.399, P <0.01). Conclusion The population of HIV / AIDS in Yining City is characterized by young age, low education level, unemployed domestic workers, low income and sexually transmitted diseases. Heterosexual heterosexual transmission accounts for the major part of HIV / AIDS population, and should pay attention to same-sex transmission and expand monitoring, testing and comprehensive intervention Of the coverage, to prevent mother-to-child transmission, improve treatment, strengthen care and assistance, improve the quality of life of HIV / AIDS and thus reduce the spread of AIDS.