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技能偏向技术进步已成为理解各国普遍存在的技能劳动需求分化和技能溢价的关键性因素。采取Malmquist-TFP指数分解方法,测度技术进步偏向性,发现我国制造业并非全部都存在技能偏向技术进步,技术进步技能偏向也没有表现出线性增长趋势,而是呈现较大的波动性。对技能偏向技术进步演变机制的研究发现,技能劳动供给增长增强了技能偏向技术进步,但国际贸易对其促进作用仅仅在高技术和低技术行业中存在。
Skill bias towards technological progress has become a key factor in understanding the prevalence of skilled labor demand differentiation and skill premiums across countries. Malmquist-TFP index decomposition method was used to measure the trend of technological progress. It was found that not all manufacturing technologies in our country were biased towards technological progress, and the technical progress skills tended to show no linear growth trend, but showed greater volatility. The research on the mechanism of skill bias towards the evolution of technological progress shows that the increase of skilled labor supply enhances the skill bias towards technological progress, but the promotion effect of international trade exists only in high-tech and low-tech industries.