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结合国内DF8B型机车,利用显式有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA,建立了DF8B型机车以10m/s速度正面碰撞刚性墙的仿真模型。模型中定义了1个自动单面接触界面和2个自动节点-表面接触界面,通过增加沙漏系数来控制沙漏模态,使用质量缩放和子循环提高计算效率。对机车碰撞过程进行仿真分析,得到车体的界面力—时间历程和司机室的变形—时间历程,从中判断出机车底架的薄弱环节,提出了对DF8B型机车底架结构的改进建议。
Combined with the domestic DF8B locomotive, the simulation model of DF8B locomotive with 10m / s frontal impact rigid wall was established by using the explicit finite element analysis software ANSYS / LS-DYNA. In the model, one automatic one-touch contact surface and two automatic node-surface contact surfaces are defined. The hourglass modality is controlled by adding hourglass coefficients, and the mass scaling and subcycles are used to improve computational efficiency. The process of locomotive collision is simulated and analyzed. The interface force-time history and the deformation-time history of the cab are obtained. The weak link of locomotive chassis is judged, and some suggestions for improving the chassis structure of DF8B locomotive are put forward.