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目的探讨首都钢铁公司男工队列人群的主要死亡原因及其影响因素。方法2001年对1974、1979和1980年入选的5137名平均年龄在45岁的北京首都钢铁公司男工进行了全死因及冠心病、脑卒中发病死亡的随访,平均随访时间为20．8年。疾病死亡登记按MONICA方案进行。用观察人年计算死亡率,并采用我国2000年人口构成进行年龄调整。用Cox回归模型进行多因素分析,用校正的相对危险度计算人群归因危险度百分比。结果随访期间共发生死亡事件760例,全因死亡率为732．9／10万人年,年龄标化死亡率为643．0／10万人年。排序在前3位的死亡原因分别是恶性肿瘤、脑卒中和心脏疾病,其年龄标化死亡率分别为231．3／10万人年、139．3／10万人年和96．4／10万人年。因恶性肿瘤、脑卒中和心脏病死亡的人数占总死亡人数的77．4％。在恶性肿瘤死亡中肺癌的死亡居第一位,在心血管疾病死亡中排在前列的死因分别是脑卒中、冠心病、肺心病和心衰。经多因素调整后,吸烟、高血压和高胆固醇血症总死亡的相对危险度分别是1．440(1．174-1．765)、1．615(1．370-1．904)和1．274(1．057-1．537),人群归因危险度百分比分别是24．4％、16．5％和4．5％。结论癌症和心脑血管病是首都钢铁公司男工的主要死因,吸烟、高血压和高胆固醇血症是增加总死亡率的主要原因。
Objective To investigate the main causes of death and its influential factors in the male cohort of Capital Steel Corporation. Methods In 2001, 5137 men and women of Beijing Capital Steel Corporation, aged 45, who were enrolled in 1974, 1979 and 1980, were followed up for all causes of death and death from coronary heart disease and stroke with a mean follow-up of 20.8 years. Disease death registration by MONICA program. The mortality rate was calculated by observing the year of the person and the age was adjusted by using the population composition of 2000 in our country. Multivariate analysis was performed using a Cox regression model and the percentage of attributable at-risk for the population was calculated using the adjusted relative risk. Results A total of 760 deaths occurred during the follow-up period, the all-cause mortality rate was 732.9 / 100000 person-years and the age-standardized death rate was 643.0 / 100000 person-years. The top three causes of death were malignant tumors, stroke and heart disease with age-standardized death rates of 231.3 / 100,000 person-years, 139.3 / 100,000 person-years and 96.4 / 10 Million years. The number of deaths from cancer, stroke and heart disease accounted for 77.4% of the total deaths. Among the deaths from cancer, lung cancer ranks the first among deaths and the leading causes of death from cardiovascular diseases are stroke, coronary heart disease, cor pulmonale and heart failure. After adjustment for multiple factors, the relative risk of total death from smoking, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were 1.440 (1.174-1.765), 1.615 (1.370-1.904) and 1 .274 (1.057-1.537). The percentage of people attributed to risk was 24.4%, 16.5% and 4.5% respectively. Conclusions Cancer and cardio-cerebrovascular disease are the major causes of male workers in Capital Steel. Smoking, high blood pressure and hypercholesterolemia are the main causes of increased total mortality.