一、前言所谓赛前状态,是指在竞赛开始之前,由于对竞赛的认识和所产生的情绪体验,使身体机能发生了条件反射性变化。这些变化包括神经中枢兴奋性的变化;物质代谢过程的变化脉搏、呼吸,血压,体温以及汗腺的活动,血糖水平的变化等。根据运动员的激活水平可将赛前状态分为三个主要阶段,即:a)首先,运动员因知道他必须参加比赛,所以造成他的激活水平逐步提高,这一阶段,常被称为长时期紧张阶段。在此阶段,运动员被激发起特别高的积极性去努力工作;b)随后是第二阶段。发生在赛前的第一、两天,常 First, the preface The so-called pre-race state means that before the start of the race, due to the understanding of the race and the resulting emotional experience, so that the body functions have undergone a conditional reflectivity change. These changes include nerve center excitability changes; changes in material metabolism pulse, respiration, blood pressure, body temperature and sweat gland activity, blood glucose levels and so on. According to the activation level of the athletes, the pre-competition state can be divided into three main stages, namely: a) First, the athlete, knowing that he must participate in the competition, causes his level of activation to gradually increase. This stage is often referred to as a long period Tense stage. At this stage, the athlete is motivated to work extremely hard; b) followed by the second phase. Occurred before the first two days, often