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查尔士·桑德斯·皮尔士:一个概念的意义在于它们所蕴含着的可以感觉的实际效果。查尔士·桑德斯·皮尔士(CharlesSawders Peirce,1839—1914年)是美国哲学家、自然科学家、逻辑学家和数学家,实用主义创始人。1839年9月10日生于马萨诸塞州的坎布里奇。1855年哈佛学院(今哈佛大学)毕业后入劳伦斯理学院深造,1863年获化学博士学位。1861年起在美国海岸观测所任职,并在哈佛学院、霍普金斯大学兼课。皮尔士生前问世的著作不多,除一些逻辑学、气象学、数学和心理学作品而外,发表的哲学论文主要有《信念的确定》(1877)和《怎样使我们的观念清楚》(1878)。1931—1958年哈佛大学出版了《皮尔士文集》(8卷,1931—1958),使他在西方哲学界的声名开始显
Charles Sanders Peirce: The significance of a concept lies in the practical effects they can contain. Charles Sawders Peirce (1839-1914) was an American philosopher, natural scientist, logician, and mathematician and founder of pragmatism. Born September 10, 1839 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. After graduating from Harvard College (now Harvard University) in 1855, he went to Lawrence’s College of Science and earned a Ph.D. in chemistry in 1863. Since 1861, he has worked at the Coastal Observatory of the United States and has taken classes at Harvard College and Hopkins University. There are not many books written by Peirce before his death. Except for some logic, meteorology, mathematics, and psychology works, the published philosophical thesis mainly includes “The Determination of Belief” (1877) and “How to Make Our Concept Clear” (1878). ). From 1931 to 1958, Harvard University published “The Peirce Collection” (8 volumes, 1931-1958), which made his reputation in the western philosophy community begin to appear