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目的调查分析哮喘儿童用药的合理性及影响因素。方法对我市6家医院就诊的哮喘患儿及家属和负责诊治的医师进行调查,事先拟定问卷调查表,请他们回答。将患儿分为用药合理组和用药不合理组,观察在性别、年龄、监护人对疾病了解程度以及学历水平、药物不良反应发生率、过去1年哮喘发作次数以及过去1年用于哮喘的治疗费用方面的差别。同时对患儿用药不合理的原因以及医师可能影响患儿用药合理性的因素进行汇总分析。结果用药合理组115例(53.49%),不合理组100例(46.51%)。两组患儿性别无明显差别(P>0.05),而用药合理组患儿年龄、主要监护人对疾病了解程度以及学历水平明显高于不合理组(P<0.05),同时药物不良反应发生率、过去1年哮喘发作次数以及过去1年用于哮喘的治疗费用均显著低于用药不合理组(P<0.05)。导致患儿其用药不合理的原因,排在第一位的为无医务人员进行用药和健康宣教,或宣教过于简单(30.37%)。而在医师可能影响患儿用药合理性的因素中,没有为患儿进行详细用药指导的比例最高(55.56%)。结论影响我市哮喘患儿用药最主要的原因为无医务人员进行用药指导和健康宣教,我们临床药师今后还需针对这些因素,协助医师做好哮喘患儿的管理。
Objective To investigate the rationality and influencing factors of asthma children’s medication. Methods To investigate the children with asthma and their families and the doctors in charge of diagnosis and treatment in 6 hospitals in our city, and draw up the questionnaire in advance and ask them to answer. The children were divided into the reasonable medication group and the unreasonable medication group to observe the gender, age, guardian’s degree of understanding of the disease and academic level, the incidence of adverse drug reactions, the number of asthma attacks in the past year and the treatment of asthma in the past year Differences in costs. At the same time, the reasons for irrational medication in children and the factors that may affect the rationality of medication in children are summarized and analyzed. Results 115 cases (53.49%) in the reasonable group and 100 cases (46.51%) in the unreasonable group. There was no significant difference in sex between the two groups (P> 0.05). However, the age of the children in the reasonable medication group, degree of the main guardian’s understanding of the disease and education level were significantly higher than those in the unreasonable group (P <0.05) The number of asthma attacks in the past year and the cost of treatment for asthma in the past year were significantly lower than those in the unreasonable group (P <0.05). As a result, the reason for irrational use of medication in the children was that they took the lead in taking medication and health education without medical personnel or that education was too simple (30.37%). Among the factors that physicians may influence the rationality of medication in children, the highest proportion (55.56%) did not give detailed medication guidance to children. Conclusion The most important reason for asthma children in our city is that there is no medical staff to guide the medication and health education. Our clinical pharmacists will need to address these factors in the future to assist physicians in the management of children with asthma.