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【目的】蜜蜂等传粉昆虫是生态系统的关键种,其种群下降趋势是目前全球关注的热点问题,探讨传粉昆虫现状和保护途径具有重要实践意义。【方法】对四川地区城市园林里中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana进行调查,记录其拜访行为、蜜粉源植物和营巢生境特征,并观察主要植物的其他访花昆虫。【结果】城市园林中有大量开花植物,花期持续时间长,是蜜蜂可利用的食物资源;中华蜜蜂在城市中广泛活动,所调查城市都观测到采集蜂进行有效采集,在冬季中华蜜蜂蜂群也能正常活动;城市中其他访花昆虫以鳞翅目和双翅目为主,蝴蝶等会竞争食物资源,行为分析认为蜜蜂具有竞争优势;部分人工绿地和半自然生境可成为中华蜜蜂的营巢地。【结论】城市园林可为中华蜜蜂提供适宜的生存环境,建议改善城市景观和园林管理以更好地发挥园林生境的保护作用。
【Objective】 Pollinating insects such as bees are the key species in ecosystem. The declining trend of population is the hot issue of global concern. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to explore the status of pollination insects and the ways of protection. 【Method】 Apis cerana cerana, a Chinese honeybee in urban gardens, was surveyed in Sichuan Province. The characteristics of visiting behavior, nectar source plants and nesting habitats were recorded and other pollinators of main plants were observed. 【Result】 A large number of flowering plants were found in urban gardens, and the flowering period was long. It was a food resource available for bees. The Chinese honey bees were widely used in urban areas. Collecting bees were observed for effective collection in cities surveyed. In winter, But also normal activities; other visiting insects in the city are Lepidoptera and Diptera, butterflies and other competition for food resources, behavioral analysis that the bees have a competitive advantage; part of the artificial green and semi-natural habitat can be China’s bee camp Nest. 【Conclusion】 Urban landscape can provide appropriate living environment for Chinese honey bee, and it is suggested to improve the urban landscape and landscape management to better play the role of landscape habitat protection.