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TGF-β(转化生长因子-β)是一个具有多种功能的多肽类生长因子超家族,TGF-β属活化素、抑制素和骨形态发生蛋白等结构相关的多肽类族。目前发现TGF-β家族有5种亚型,在哺乳动物体内有三种亚型,即TGF-β1～3。TGF-β4存在于小鸡软骨细胞,TGF-β5是从蛙卵的cDNA文库中克隆而来。具有生物学活性的TGF-β是由含390-412氨基酸残基的非活性前体经酶解产生。TGF-β基因家族共编码4种蛋白,即TGF-β1、TGF-β2、TGF-β3和TGF-β5。哺乳动物的TGF-β1和TGF-β4是异体同构体[1]。在人体中只存在TGF-β1、2、3三种亚型,分布于全身,三种亚型功能相似,作用效果呈剂量依赖性。
TGF-β (transforming growth factor-β) is a multi-functional family of polypeptide-like growth factors, TGF-β activin, statins and structurally related peptide families such as bone morphogenetic proteins. Currently, there are 5 subtypes of TGF-β family, and three subtypes of mammalian TGF-β1 ~ 3. TGF-β4 is present in chondrocytes and TGF-β5 is cloned from a frog egg cDNA library. Biologically active TGF-β is produced by enzymatic inactivation of non-active precursors containing 390-412 amino acid residues. The TGF-β gene family encodes four proteins, namely TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3 and TGF-β5. Mammalian TGF-β1 and TGF-β4 are allomorphic [1]. There are only three subtypes of TGF-β1,2,3 in the human body, distributed throughout the body, the three subtypes have similar functions and a dose-dependent effect.