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为了探讨见效快、效果持久、成本较低的小学生血吸虫病健康教育模式 ,应用实验研究的方法 ,于基线调查后 ,(1)第 1年在实验学校 A用“视听教育 -技能培训 -提供防护药品 -奖惩激励”(模式 )干预 ;(2 )第 2、3年在实验学校 A改用“视听教育 -技能培训 -奖惩激励 (模式 )干预 ;(3)第 4年将模式 扩大应用到实验学校 B和 C。各对照学校不采取干预措施。结果表明 ,用模式 干预 A校 1年小学生血吸虫感染率由干预前的 13.5 %下降到 2 .3% ;用模式 干预 A校 2年小学生血吸虫感染率分别为 1.2 %和 2 .0 % ;用模式 干预 B、C校 1年 ,两校小学生血吸虫感染率分别由干预前的 9.2 %和 6 .8%下降到 2 .4%和 2 .1%。对照组同期上述指标无明显变化。模式 与模式 干预效果相同 ,但前者成本低于后者。“视听教育 -技能培训 -奖惩激励”是湖沼型疫区小学生血吸虫病健康教育的较佳模式。
In order to explore a quick, long lasting and low cost schistosomiasis health education model for primary school students, using experimental methods, after the baseline survey, (1) the first year in experimental school A with “audio-visual education - skills training - to provide protection (2) In the second and third years, ”A / V education - skill training - incentive and rewards (model) intervention“ was adopted in experimental school A; (3) In the fourth year, the model expansion was applied to the experiment Schools B and C. The control schools did not take any interventions.The results showed that the rate of schistosomiasis infection among school pupils in School A decreased from 13.5% before intervention to 2.3% by mode intervention; The rates of schistosomiasis were 1.2% and 2.0% respectively in the two groups. The infection rates of schistosomiasis in the two schools decreased from 9.2% and 6.8% before intervention to 2.4% and 2.1% .In the control group, there was no significant change in the above indexes during the same period.Model and mode intervention had the same effect, but the former cost was lower than the latter. ”Audio-visual education - Skill training - incentive and punishment" is the better model for schistosomiasis health education .