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本文通过热力学自由能函数说明了电致伸缩效应唯象理论及其在各向异性强非线性铁电晶体中的应用。实验发现,菱方相纯PZT陶瓷组分的主要场诱应变效应是电致伸缩效应,可用x—P关系的二次方律来描述。但相界附近的四方相PZT陶瓷组分和PLZT组分,压电效应分量明显增大,其电致伸缩效应已呈现明显的四次方效应。可以预期,PZST系统的主要机电耦合效应是电致伸缩效应,其电场诱导应变是极化强度的高偶次方函数。
In this paper, the thermodynamic free energy function is used to explain the phenomenological theory of electrostrictive effect and its application in anisotropic strongly nonlinear ferroelectric crystals. The experimental results show that the main field-induced strain effect of PZT ceramics is the electrostrictive effect, which can be described by the quadratic law of x-P relationship. However, the piezoelectric effect components of tetragonal PZT ceramics and PLZT near the phase boundary increase obviously, and the electrostrictive effect has obvious quadratic effect. It is expected that the main electromechanical coupling effect of the PZST system is the electrostrictive effect whose electric field induced strain is a high even square function of the polarization intensity.