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目的了解韶关市白喉流行趋势,评估流行病学及免疫学效果,制定针对性措施防止白喉疫情的反复。方法采用描述流行病学方法,从流行病学、血清学等角度分析白喉流行病学及免疫学效果。结果随着疫苗接种率的提高,人群免疫水平达到并维持较高水平,白喉发病率自1959年的48.13/10万降至1989年的0.07/10万,1991年报告最后1例白喉病例,死亡率由6.19/10万降至1987年的0.02/10万,并经17年的流行病学、免疫学监测及法定传染病漏报调查证实,该市连续17年无白喉病例报告,成本效益比为1:12.53。结论韶关市在疫苗高接种率的干预下,实现了消除白喉的目标,社会及经济效益显著。但仍需继续做好免疫接种及监测工作,加强成人发病研究,严防白喉重新流行。
Objective To understand the prevalence of diphtheria in Shaoguan City, evaluate the epidemiological and immunological effects and formulate targeted measures to prevent the recurrence of diphtheria. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiology and immunological effects of diphtheria from the aspects of epidemiology and serology. Results With the increase of vaccination rate, the immunization level of the population reached and maintained a high level. The incidence of diphtheria dropped from 48.13 / 100,000 in 1959 to 0.07 / 100,000 in 1989. The last case of diphtheria was reported in 1991 and died The rate dropped from 6.19 / 100,000 to 0.02 / 100,000 in 1987. After 17 years of epidemiological, immunological surveillance and statutory investigation of the omission of infectious diseases, the city has reported no cases of diphtheria for 17 consecutive years and the cost-benefit ratio 1: 12.53. Conclusion The goal of eliminating diphtheria was achieved under the intervention of vaccination rate in Shaoguan City, with significant social and economic benefits. However, we still need to continue the immunization and monitoring work and strengthen the study of adult onset to prevent diphtheria from re-epidemic.