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目的根据上海国际旅行卫生保健中心(Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center,SITHC)完成狂犬病暴露前免疫(Pre-exposure Prophylaxis,Pr EP)国际旅行者的相关数据,分析完成接种的国际旅行者的人群特征和相关影响因素,探讨在国际旅行者中开展Pr EP的必要性和重要性。方法回顾性分析2009年9月~2013年9月在SITHC完成Pr EP旅行者的相关情况。结果共有579名国际旅行者纳入研究,其中男性354人,占61.14%;女性225人,占38.86%。≥15岁464人,占80.14%。未婚330人,占56.99%;已婚249人,占43.01%。因旅行户外运动致狂犬病暴露风险增加进行接种的149人,占25.73%;长期生活在狂犬病高度流行地区要求接种的362人,占62.52%;可能接触狂犬病病毒的高风险职业进行接种的68人,占11.75%。14.16%的受种者来自发展中国家,85.84%来自发达国家。在接种人群中,目的地为狂犬病高风险地区的旅行人数(93.61%)远高于前往中(3.80%)、低风险(2.59%)地区人数。结论人群间Pr EP认知及态度存在差异,且受多种因素影响。Pr EP对具有狂犬病暴露风险的旅行者具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the population characteristics of international travelers who completed vaccination and their correlations based on data from international travelers of pre-exposure Prophylaxis (Pr EP) in Shanghai International Travel Healthcare Center (SITHC) Influencing factors and exploring the necessity and importance of developing Pr EP among international travelers. Methods A retrospective analysis of the status of PrEP travelers completing SITHC from September 2009 to September 2013 was conducted. Results A total of 579 international travelers were included in the study, including 354 males (61.14%) and 225 females (38.86%). ≥4 years old 464 people, accounting for 80.14%. Unmarried 330 people, accounting for 56.99%; married 249, accounting for 43.01%. 149 (25.73%) were vaccinated for the increased risk of rabies exposure due to travel and outdoor activities; 362 (62.52%) were required to be vaccinated for long-term living in highly endemic areas of rabies; 68 were those likely to be exposed to rabies virus at high-risk occupations; Accounting for 11.75%. 14.16% of the recipients are from developing countries and 85.84% are from developed countries. Among vaccinated populations, the number of travelers who were targeted for high-risk rabies (93.61%) was significantly higher than the median (3.80%) and low-risk (2.59%). Conclusions There is a difference in Pr EP cognition and attitude among the population, which is influenced by many factors. Pr EP is important for travelers with a risk of rabies exposure.