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目的:了解某“三甲”医院应用的国家基本药物不良反应的特点,为临床合理使用该类药物提供参考。方法:从该院2007年1月1日～2009年12月31日医务人员自愿呈报的药品不良反应(ADR)报告中整群抽取国家基本药物相关报告,进行描述性分析与评价。结果:该院3年共收到国家基本药物相关ADR报告1137份,占报告总数的19.65%,其中新的ADR报告为442份,严重的ADR报告77份;给药途径以静脉滴注为主(88.21%);抗微生物药物所占比例最高(48.72%),中成药为4.93%;ADR临床表现以皮肤及其附件损害最常见(33.52%);94.28%的ADR对原患疾病无影响;99.47%能治愈或好转。结论:应加强对国家基本药物ADR的监测,保证患者用药安全、有效。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of adverse reactions of national essential drugs used in some hospitals in order to provide a reference for clinical rational use of such drugs. Methods: From the hospital ADR report voluntarily reported by medical staff from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009, relevant reports of the national essential drugs were collected and analyzed descriptively. Results: In the past three years, the hospital received 1137 ADR reports of national essential medicines, accounting for 19.65% of the total number of reports, of which 442 were new ADR reports and 77 were serious ADR reports. The route of administration was mainly intravenous drip (88.21%). The highest proportion of antimicrobial drugs (48.72%) and proprietary Chinese medicines (4.93%) were found. The clinical manifestations of ADR were the most common skin and accessory lesions (33.52%), 94.28% 99.47% can be cured or improved. Conclusion: It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of the national basic drug ADR to ensure that patients are safe and effective.