高速高精密机床要求运动部件在满足一定的自振频率及静刚度的前提下尽量降低质量,以提高机床的加工精度与加工效率,减小驱动功率,降低机床的能耗。文中以某型号锥齿轮磨齿机溜板箱为研究对象,采用分层优化方法对结构进行轻量化设计。首先采用等效静态载荷法,以结构静刚度最大为优化目标,设计结构的筋板最优布局;然后再用尺寸优化方法,以溜板箱的质量为优化目标,约束溜板箱的自振频率,以筋板的厚度为设计变量进行优化设计。与原模型相比,优化后的溜板箱质量减少了3.4%,而1阶固有频率增加了30.8%,结构静刚度基本不变。研究表明,采用提出的分层优化方法,综合应用结构拓扑优化和尺寸优化技术,可得到具有良好动静态性能的轻量化运动部件结构。 High-speed high-precision machine tools require moving parts to meet certain natural frequencies and static stiffness under the premise of minimizing the quality to improve the machining accuracy and machining efficiency, reduce drive power and reduce machine energy consumption. In this paper, a model of bevel gear grinding machine skateboard for the study, the use of hierarchical optimization of the lightweight design of the structure. Firstly, the equivalent static load method is adopted to optimize the stiffness of the structure as the optimization objective, and the optimum layout of the ribs is designed. Then the size optimization method is used to optimize the quality of the slide box, Frequency, to the thickness of the rib design variables optimization design. Compared with the original model, the optimized skateboard quality is reduced by 3.4%, while the natural frequency of the first order is increased by 30.8%. The static stiffness of the structure is basically unchanged. The research shows that the structure of light weight moving parts with good static and dynamic performance can be obtained by using the proposed hierarchical optimization method and the comprehensive application of topology optimization and size optimization techniques.