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目的分析恶性肿瘤死因及恶性肿瘤城乡死亡率的分布特征,为肿瘤预防与控制提供参考依据。方法对2004—2008年中国疾病监测系统所获得的恶性肿瘤统计资料进行分析。结果 2004—2008年全国疾病监测系统中恶性肿瘤总死亡率分别为135.71/10万、136.04/10万、118.00/10万、131.83/10万、134.00/10万;恶性肿瘤死因排序前5位的肿瘤分别是肺癌、肝癌、胃癌、食管癌、肠和肛门癌;胃癌、食管癌总死亡率整体呈下降趋势;肠和肛门癌总死亡率变化不明显;肝癌死亡率2004—2006年呈下降趋势,2006年以后开始上升;肺癌死亡率整体呈上升趋势;各年肺癌、肠和肛门癌死亡率均为城市高于农村(P<0.000 1);除2006年肝癌死亡率城乡差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),其他年份均为农村高于城市(P<0.000 1)。结论城市应以肺癌、肠和肛门癌预防与控制为主;农村应以肝癌、胃癌、食管癌预防与控制为主。
Objective To analyze the distribution of death causes of malignant tumors and urban and rural mortality of malignant tumors and provide references for the prevention and control of tumors. Methods The statistical data of malignant tumors obtained from China Disease Surveillance System from 2004 to 2008 were analyzed. Results The total mortality rate of malignant tumors in the national disease surveillance system was 135.71 / 100000, 136.04 / 100000, 118.00 / 100000, 131.83 / 100000 and 134.00 / 100000 respectively from 2004 to 2008; Tumors were lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer, intestinal and anal cancer. The overall mortality of gastric cancer and esophageal cancer showed a declining trend. The overall mortality rate of intestinal and anal cancer was insignificant. The mortality of liver cancer showed a decreasing trend from 2004 to 2006 , And began to increase after 2006. The overall mortality rate of lung cancer showed an upward trend. The death rates of lung cancer, intestinal and anal cancer in all years were higher in urban areas than in rural areas (P <0.000 1). There was no significant difference in the mortality rate of liver cancer between urban and rural areas in 2006 (P> 0.05). In other years, rural areas were higher than cities (P <0.000 1). Conclusion The prevention and control of lung cancer, intestine and anus cancer should be the main city. The prevention and control of liver cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer in rural areas should be the mainstay.