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籼稻三黄占2号在生产上种植10多年,表现了稳定持久的稻瘟病抗性。接种及多点田间试验结果表明,三黄占2号不仅对中国稻瘟病菌株有广谱抗性,而且对菲律宾稻瘟病菌株亦有高的抗性频率(98%)。在国际稻瘟病圃(IRBN)其叶瘟及穗瘟抗性相当或好于持久抗性品种OS6、Moroberekan和IR36。三黄占2号感病后,亦显示出高水平稻瘟病数量抗性。分析由三黄占2号与丽江新团黑谷杂交构建的重组自交系分离群体的抗病性,发现三黄占2号稻瘟病质量抗性是由多个主效基因控制的,其稻瘟病数量抗性是非小种专一的。应用候选抗性基因方法鉴定出3个质量抗性主效基因,5个与其数量抗性显著相关的防卫基因标记(P≤0.05)。结果表明,广谱的质量抗性与高水平的数量抗性的结合,使三黄占2号获得稳定持久的稻瘟病抗性。用回交法把三黄占2号的抗病性基因导入优质高产感病品种特籼占13号,获得与三黄占2号的抗病性相类似的BC3F3株系,分子标记辅助检测证明三黄占2号的主效基因及QTLs能较好地遗传给杂交后代。初步选出一些抗病性好及经济性状好的新抗病品系。
Indica three yellow accounted for 2 in the production of more than 10 years of planting, showing a stable and lasting blast resistance. Inoculation and multi-field experiments showed that Sanhuangzhan 2 not only had broad-spectrum resistance to Magnaporthe oryzae, but also had a high resistance frequency (98%) to Magnaporthe grisea in the Philippines. Its resistance to leaf blast and panicle blast was comparable to or better than the long-lasting cultivars OS6, Moroberekan and IR36 at the International Rice Blast Center (IRBN). Sanhuang accounted for 2 after the disease, also showed high levels of blast resistance quantitative. Based on the analysis of the disease resistance of the recombinant inbred lines derived from cross between Sanhuangzhan 2 and Lijiang Xintiandi Heigu, it was found that the quality resistance of Sanhuangzhan 2 was controlled by multiple main genes. Resistance to blast is non-racial specific. Candidate resistance gene was used to identify three major genes of quality resistance and five genes of defense genes (P≤0.05) were significantly associated with the quantitative resistance. The results showed that the combination of broad-spectrum quality resistance and high-level quantitative resistance led to the stable and long-lasting blast resistance of Sanhuangzhan 2. The BC3F3 strain with similar resistance to Sanhuangzhan 2 was obtained by backcrossing the disease resistance gene of Sanhuangzhan No.2 into the indica rice with high quality and high yield of susceptible variety No.13, and the molecular marker assisted detection The main effect genes and QTLs of Sanhuangzhan 2 can be better inherited to the hybrid progeny. Preliminary selection of a number of good disease resistance and good new economic traits strains.