论文部分内容阅读
84年我们对“河北千穗谷”、“云南苋”、“芬兰苋”等拉用苋品种的主要生物学特性和营养品质进行了研究和分析。结果表明:(1)苋籽含有16%左右的蛋白质,又有平衡的氮基酸组成,尤其赖氨酸含量高达1%左右。还含有约6%的脂肪。在收获籽粒后的茎、叶、穗中,其蛋白质和赖氨酸含量均远远高于玉米籽粒,是一种营养价值高的食、饲兼用的作物。(2)粒用苋生长速度快,生长势强。在80多天的整个生长期中,亩产鲜重万斤以上,干物重1500—2000斤/亩,籽粒产量300—600斤/亩,是一种干物质生产量大、光合效率高的作物。(8)粒用苋在28—40℃范围内,不仅发芽势强,而且发芽率也高,具有明显的适合高温发芽的特性。苋籽在0.4%以下的 NaCl 溶液中能正常发芽,具有较强的耐盐性。在土壤瘠薄和水分不足的条件下,粒用苋仍能正常生长,具有明显的耐瘠,耐旱性。因此,粒用苋是一种适应性广,抗逆性强的作物。
In the past 84 years, we studied and analyzed the main biological characteristics and nutritional qualities of Amaranth varieties such as “Hebei Chishui Valley”, “Yunnan Amaranthus” and “Finland Amaranthus”. The results showed that: (1) Amaranthus retroflexus contained about 16% of protein and a balanced amino acid composition, especially lysine content of up to 1%. It also contains about 6% fat. The stems, leaves and spikes after harvested grain are much higher in protein and lysine content than corn grains. They are a kind of high-nutritive food and feed crops. (2) grain with amaranth growth rate, strong growth potential. In the entire growing period of more than 80 days, the output per kilogram of fresh weight is over 10,000 kg, the dry weight is 1500-2000 kg / mu and the grain yield is 300-600 kg / mu. It is a crop with large dry matter yield and photosynthetic efficiency . (8) Amaranth grain used in the range of 28-40 ℃, not only strong germination potential, but also high germination rate, with obvious characteristics suitable for high temperature germination. Amaranth seeds can germinate normally in 0.4% NaCl solution with strong salt tolerance. Under the condition of infertile soil and insufficient water, the grain can still grow normally with amaranth and has obvious resistance to drought and drought. Therefore, grain amaranth is a wide adaptability, strong resistance to the crop.