军团病或称退伍军人病(Legionnaires,disease,简称LD),是1976年美国宾州退伍军人在费城开会时暴发了原因不明的肺炎流行而得名的。其后,美国其它州和许多国家陆续发现同样病例,由于分布广和病死率高而引起重视。该病病原系一种难以培养,难以染色的革兰氏阴性杆菌——嗜肺军团病杆菌。 Legionnaires’ disease (Legionnaires, disease, referred to as LD), was named after an unknown pneumonia outbreak in 1976 when Pennsylvania State Department veterans broke ground in Philadelphia. Since then, the United States and many other countries and many countries have found the same case one after another, due to the wide distribution and high mortality caused great attention. The pathogen is a difficult to culture, difficult to stain Gram-negative bacilli - Legionella pneumophila bacteria.