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由于地下建筑和掩土建筑工业的迅速发展,随之增加了对地下,特别是低空气交换速率的构筑物中的高放射性能级的可能性的关注。与高放射性能级有关的一种空气污染是天然产生的放射性气体氡。作者概述了控制氡向大气释放的物理学原理,讨论了氡的形成及其在建筑物中聚集的影响因素,测试了长期受低氡能级辐照对健康影响的数据。对掩土构筑物有限的数据,提出了在精心构筑的掩土住宅内,氡能级与地面上传统构筑物所报告的数据比起来并不高。但是,与掩土建筑及其他具有较低空气交换速率的节能建筑的设计与施工有关的建筑师与工程师,必须设计这样的构筑物,以使其居住者受到有害放射性效应的能源所产生的辐照最小。
Due to the rapid development of the underground construction and the earth-covered construction industry, there has been increasing concern about the possibility of high radioactive levels in underground structures, particularly at low air-exchange rates. One type of air pollution associated with high levels of radioactive energy is naturally occurring radioactive gas helium. The authors outline the physical principles that control the release of plutonium to the atmosphere, discuss the formation of plutonium and its influencing factors in buildings, and test the long-term effects of low plutonium level radiation on health. The limited data on the buried structures suggests that in the well-constructed earth-covered houses, the energy level of the plutonium level and the traditional structures on the ground are not high. However, architects and engineers concerned with the design and construction of earth-shelter buildings and other energy-efficient buildings with lower air exchange rates must design such structures to irradiate their occupants with energy from harmful radioactive effects. The smallest.